Vanadium doped titania nanoparticles for photocatalytic removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions

Sol-gel process with continuous ultrasonication was used to produce pure and vanadium doped titania powders. The amount of in varied by using different initial concentrations solutions. Scanning electron microscopy particle size analyses showed formation spherical shaped particles diameter ranging from 3 11 nm. average pore volume 0.0248 cm³/g, the surface areas V-doped were 62.9 66.1 m2/g, respectively. maximum on catalyst, as determined energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy 1.7 wt%, diffraction patterns presence mainly anatase form titania. photocatalytic activities tested for methylene blue, metal uptake found increase 10 mg/g 17 Adsorption isotherms removal lead zinc aqueous solutions generated under ultraviolet exposure 24 h, results revealed that activity enhanced when vanadium.